WHAT IS MIGRAINE
A migraine is a complex brain disorder characterized by recurrent, moderate-to-severe headaches, usually affecting one side of the head. Migraines often come with additional symptoms such as sensitivity to light (photophobia), sound (phonophobia), nausea, and sometimes aura—a series of sensory changes that act as a warning sign of an impending attack.
Migraines can occur at any age but are more common in adults, particularly women. According to medical studies, genetics and environmental factors both play a major role in the development of migraines.
PHASES OF MIGRAINE
TYPES OF MIGRAINE
Migraine with Aura: Neurological symptoms that occur before or during the headache.
Migraine without Aura: Most common type, characterized by a pulsing headache without warning symptoms.
Chronic Migraine: Headaches occurring on 15 or more days per month.
Hemiplegic Migraine: Rare type with temporary weakness on one side of the body.
Vestibular Migraine: Involves dizziness, vertigo, and balance problems.
Diagnosis of migraine -Doctors usually diagnose migraines based on medical history, reported symptoms, and ruling out other conditions. Sometimes imaging tests like MRI or CT scans are performed to exclude other causes of headaches.
Treatments and managements of migraine – There is no permanent cure for migraines, but a variety of treatment options can help reduce frequency and severity.
Medications:
Pain Relievers: Over-the-counter options such as ibuprofen, aspirin, or acetaminophen.
Triptans: Prescription drugs that target migraine pathways.
Preventive Medications: Beta-blockers, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and CGRP inhibitors.
Lifestyle Changes:
Maintain regular sleep and meal schedules.
Stay hydrated and avoid trigger foods.
Practice relaxation techniques such as yoga, meditation, and deep breathing.
Exercise regularly but avoid overexertion.
Alternative Therapies:
Acupuncture
Biofeedback
Herbal supplements (like magnesium, riboflavin, and coenzyme Q10, with doctor’s advice).